<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<record
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd"
    xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">

  <leader>01964nmm a22002537a 4500</leader>
  <controlfield tag="003">ES-BaAUN</controlfield>
  <controlfield tag="005">20230327152954.0</controlfield>
  <controlfield tag="008">221102| ||||go||d|||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d</controlfield>
  <datafield tag="022" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">2575-5374</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">ES-BaAUN</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">eng</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">ES-BaAUN</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Chenal, J&#xE9;r&#xF4;me</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">author.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="245" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">The African City: Urbanisation in Africa</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="260" ind1="3" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="b">urbanNext,</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">February 13, 2020.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">3309words. </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">africanCities, Essay, J&#xE9;r&#xF4;me Chenal, No Density, Territory and mobility	</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="501" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Accessibility, African Cities, African identity, African Public Realm, Collective identity, Community Facilities, Construction, Efficiency, Essay, Facilities, Global Cities, History of Architecture, Informal city, Informal economy, Infrastructure, Metropolis, Mobility, Population, Productivity, Public Space, Public space role, Urban conditions, Urban Development, Urban growth, Urban management, Urban planning, Urban policies, Urban space, Urban sprawl	</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Excerpt from The West African City by J&#xE9;r&#xF4;me Chenal, published by EPFL Press.
</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">The history of African cities is ancient. For instance, we know today that urbanisation in Africa existed long before Arab and Portuguese influences (Coquery-Vidrovitch, 1993). However, while this urban history is ancient, it is clear that Europeans introduced a new type of city based on grid patterns and &#x2018;monumental&#x2019; architecture (Coquery-Vidrovitch, Georg, 1996). In the colonial era, the &#x2018;real&#x2019; city was that of the whites (founded on the European economy), while &#x2018;indigenous&#x2019; areas were not considered part of the city and tended to be identified with the village model (i.e. without rules). The importation of traditional village building techniques further reinforced this idea.




</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Architecture</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Urbanisation </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="653" ind1="5" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Africa</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0">
    <subfield code="u">https://urbannext.net/the-african-city/</subfield>
    <subfield code="z">Access to info</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="942" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="2">ddc</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">CF</subfield>
    <subfield code="n">0</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="c">2506</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">2506</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="0">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="1">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="2">ddc</subfield>
    <subfield code="4">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="7">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="a">9876543210</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">9876543210</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">2023-03-27</subfield>
    <subfield code="l">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="r">2023-03-27</subfield>
    <subfield code="w">2023-03-27</subfield>
    <subfield code="y">CF</subfield>
  </datafield>
</record>
